Apparatus employed in wireless telegraphy.



Patented Apr. I0, I900.

G. MARC ONI. APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

(Application filed Dec. 26, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

No Model.)

No. 647,008. Patented Apr. I0, I900.

a. MARcum.

APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY. (Application filed Dec. 26, 1899.) (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

GUGLIELMQ MARCONI, F ennon, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE WIRELESS TELEGRAPH AND SIGNAL COMPANY, LIMITED, or SAMEPLAGE. I

APPARATUS EMPLOYED m WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY,

srnomc'snon forming part of Letters Patent No. 647,008, dated April 10, 1900.,

Original applloatlonfllod-l'unlld,1899,8oris1'l'0. 720.355. Dlvldedsndthit uma, inane-steamers. sum Io. 14mm, aromas.) v

To all when it maycancern: I Figure lis a diagram of the arrangement 3' Beit known that I, GUGLIELMO MARcoNI, describedin the formerspecificatiommodifled electrician, a subject of the King of Italy, .min accordance with the presentinvention and siding at 28 Mark Lane, in the city of London, Figs. 2 and 3 show modified forms of the in- England, have invented certain new and useduction-coil.

fulApparatus Employed in Wireless Telegra- In Fig. 1-, a is the aerial conductor; 'b,-'a lophy, of which the following is a specification. cal battery; c,,-a condenser; e, a, connection This invention relates toimprovements in to earth or. other suitable capacity; ,7, a senthe apparatus described in Letters Patent of sitive tube or imperfect contact; k,- chokre the United States ,No. 627,650, granted to me ing coils, and :r a relay working .a signaling. .June 27, 1899. I In that specification I deor other instrument. The d'mgrams of the scribed connecting the aerial conductor toa coils are greatly-enlarged half-longitudinal" capacity, which may be the earth, through the sections, but are not strictly to scale, In lacej primary of an induction-coil, the-ends of the, also of showing-the section of each coil or ayer I 5 imperfect contact or sensitive tube being conof wire as a longitudinal row of dots or small nected to the ends of the secondary. In place circles, as it would actually appeamit is for 5 of winding both the primary and secondary simplicity shown as a single continuouslongiin singlelayers, as claimed in that specificatudinal straight line. A is the end of the prition, the coils are now either made very short mary which is connected to the aerial condnc- :0 (not much exceeding two centimeters intor a, and E is the end connected to earth'ora length) or else are wound in sections. The capacity. J isthejend of thesecondacr'y which number of turns inthe successive layers of is directly connected to the sensitive tube or the secondary and sometimes of the primary imperfect contact j, and-0 is the end wh'icl also) should diminish asthe distance from the is connected to it through the condenser. G 2 5 center increases. It is also found desirable is a glass tube on which the coils are wound;

to connect direct to the sensitive tube or im- The wires are preferably insulated by a sin- 5 5 perfect contact-(not through the condenser) gle covering of silk. p the end of the secondary which is farthest The following table gives particulars of away from he nucleus or axial line of the coil. coils which have been successfully used 5.5 Dinm em. 0 f I p 1 n m E i gr-g in Number of turns in windingsv I I o 9 a: limelers. I I v In 3 E a 5; 3-8.2 P i i P i s a r .M- r Seconi r econ a a 3 3 mar)" ary. mary. ary., Pflmary l P" s Fig. 1 .915 .612 .012 '2 layers 0:110 act, in parallel v 12 layers of 1.0

teaches scales 38 Diameter of H gr; wires. in ceng fig m Number of turns in windings. Q5 @62 tuneters. 5?, Egg 3% an: Pri- Second- Pri- Scconda a 9 mary. erymary. ary. Pumaw' 38 rr fs m5 .012 n12 Jlayersb t m m mpr 1.0 urns I 3 g in seiles. 2: urns. 'i2turns, in Hams 42 40 Hi 32 2" 96 m Bil 1B H 12 7 4 turns. Fig. 3 .97? .015 .012 5.75 28.5 1 lager of 2 wires iii-parallel, with v Slayers-o! 810, 45. 45 turns 5.8

1 turns each, weundtan em.

The coils are wound in the following manner:. r In Fig. 1, G is a glass tubeand on it is wound the primary in two layers, therebelayers have eighty, seventy-five, sixty ing one hundred and ten-turns in each layer.

The endsof these two coilsor layers are con-,

neeted in. parallel, one to the aerial conductor and the other to earth. Onfthe outer coil of the primary is wound the-first or inner-coilofthe secondary, which is continuous and has one hundred turns. The secondary is in a single section, and the second and succeelfing forty five, torty, twenty-eight,twenty;. fteen,

ten, and five turns,'respectively, the wire from the innervlayer (that with one hundred turns) beingconnected to the left-hand side of the condenser c, and the left-hand choking-coil 70' and the wire from the. outer layer (that with live turns) being connected directly to the left-hand end of thesensitive tube '3'. The slope at the right-hand side of the coil is made, steeper than on the left-hand side.

In Fig. 2 the primary-is wound on the glass tube G in four layers, the inner layer having eighty turns. The right-hand end of thewire forming" the inner layer is wound on that layer, forming the second layer, which has seventy-eight turns. The lefhhand end of.

the wire forming the inner layeris-wound onthe second layer, forming the. tbirdlayer, which has seventy-six turns.- The righthand end of the wire forming the third; iay er is wound on that layer, forming the fourth x I u the combination oi-"an. imperfect electrical layer, which has seventy-twoturns; The

and third layers are connected to the-aerial conductor, and the left-hand ends or the" wires forming the second and fourth layers are oirnected to earth. The secondary is-wound on the outer or fourth la consists of 16 layers,- aving sixty, fifty-four,

and the end of side of the condenser c and the choking-coil k, the endofthe outer layer be- -tion-coil,' the secondaryof or of the primary, and

forty-six, forty-two,"forty, thirty-six, thirtytwo, twenty-nine, twenty-six, twentythree,

twenty, eigbteemfourteemtwelve, nine, and seven turns, respectively, the end of the wire from the inner layer (that with sixty turns) being connected to the left-hand side of the condenser c and the left-hand choking-coil k the wire from the outer layer (that with'se'ven turns) being connected-di-. rectly'to the left hand end of the sensitive tube j. In Fig. 3 the layer formed of hundred and sixty turns around the tube G, their right-hand ends being connected to the aerial conductor and their left-hand ends to earth. The secondary has three layers,.the' inner one having three hundred and ten turns and the second and third fortyflve turns each; these being wound. on. the right-hand end of the inner layer.- jlhe left-hand end of the inner. layer is connected to the left-hand left-hand 6 5 primary consists of a single ing connected directly to the left-hand end of the sensitive tube j. v -The method in which the sections of the coil are connected isfound to be important.

I This apglication is a division of my application flle June'13, 1899, Serial No. 720,355, wherein are made claims covering generically the subject-mattersnecificallyclaimed herein.

' 1. Ins receiver-for-electrical oscillations,

contact, a local circuit through it, an inducw ich consists of -f,several il ayers, the number of turns in the 8e outer layers being less than P y,

in those next the a capacity connected to one end of the primary, a conductor connected to the other end, connections between the ends 0! two wires, each having one 55 v the imperfect contact and the ends of the secondary, and a condenser in the connection to the inner end of the secondary... A

2. In a receiver forelectrical oscillations, the combination of an imperfect electrical contact, a-local circuit through it, an induction-coil, the secondary of which consists of several layers,'the number of'turns in the outer layers being less than-in those next the primary and wound nnsymmetrically with a lump at one end, a capacity connected to one end of the primary, a conductor connected to the other end, connections between the primary, a conductor connected to the other end, connections between the ends of the imperfect contact and the ends of the secondary,

and a condenser in the connection to the inner end of the secondary.

'4. In a receiver for electrical oscillations, the combination of an imperfect electrical contact, a local circuit through it, an induction-coil, the primary of which consists of two wires connected in parallel wound in two layers, the secondary of which consists of several layers, the number of turns inthe outer layers being less than in those next the pri mary' and wound unsymmetricaily with a lump at one end, a' capacity connected to one end of the primary, a conductor connected to the other end, connections between the ends of the imperfect contact and the ends of the secondary, and a condenser in the connection to the inner endof the secondary.

GUGLIELMO MAROONI.

Witnesses:

J. ERSKINE-MURRAY, R. B. RANsFoRn 

